Design of an Edge IoT sensor node for air pollutant monitoring

Authors

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.36825/RITI.13.30.003

Keywords:

Air Pollution, Internet of Things, Edge IoT, Environmental Sensors, Air Quality Monitoring

Abstract

Air pollution is an environmental and public health issue that requires effective monitoring solutions. This work presents a low-cost Edge IoT sensor node for air pollutant monitoring, designed to expand geographic coverage and improve accessibility to environmental data. The system uses an ESP32 as the processing unit, sensors to measure particulate matter and pollutant gases, and a LoRa module for long-distance data transmission. An exponential moving average filter was implemented to reduce measurement noise, and comparative calibrations were conducted with reference stations. Results indicate that the node provides reliable measurements of PM10, PM2.5, CO, and NO2, although with lower accuracy compared to specialized monitoring stations. However, its integration with robust platforms allows it to complement traditional monitoring networks. This solution represents a scalable and accessible alternative to support decision-making related to air quality and environmental policies.

References

Cantú Martínez, P. C. (2023). La contaminación del aire y los riesgos de la salud. Revista UANL, 26 (122), 66-75. https://cienciauanl.uanl.mx/ojs/index.php/revista/article/view/342

Bao, R., Zhang, A. (2020). Does lockdown reduce air pollution? Evidence from 44 cities in northern China. Science of The Total Environment, 731, 1-12. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.139052

Guth, J., Breitenbucher, U., Falkenthal, M., Leymann, F., Reinfurt, L. (2016). Comparison of IoT platform architectures: A field study based on a reference architecture. IEEE Cloudification of the Internet of Things (CIoT), Paris, France. https://doi.org/10.1109/CIOT.2016.7872918

García, L., Garcia-Sanchez, A.-J., Asorey-Cacheda, R., Garcia-Haro, J., Zúñiga-Cañón, C.-L. (2022). Smart air quality monitoring IoT-based infrastructure for industrial environments. Sensors, 22 (23), 1-45. https://doi.org/10.3390/s22239221

Kataria, A., Puri, V. (2022). AI‐ and IoT‐based hybrid model for air quality prediction in a smart city with network assistance. IET Networks, 11 (6), 221–233. https://doi.org/10.1049/ntw2.12053

Jabbar, W. A., Subramaniam, T., Ong, A. E., Shu’Ib, M. I., Wu, W., de Oliveira, M. A. (2022). LoRaWAN-based IoT system implementation for long-range outdoor air quality monitoring. Internet of Things, 19, 1-25. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.iot.2022.100540

Salamone, F., Masullo, M., Sibilio, S. (2021). Wearable devices for environmental monitoring in the built environment: A systematic review. Sensors, 21 (14), 1-42. https://doi.org/10.3390/s21144727

ONU. (2022). El 99% de la población mundial respira aire contaminado. https://news.un.org/es/story/2022/04/1506592

Linares, C., Díaz, J. (2009). Efecto de las partículas de diámetro inferior a 2,5 micras (PM2,5) sobre los ingresos hospitalarios en niños menores de 10 años en Madrid. Gaceta Sanitaria, 23 (3), 192–197. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gaceta.2008.04.006

Quispicuro Huamán, V. (2015). Descripción de los efectos de los óxidos de carbono (CO₂ y CO) en ambientes interiores y exteriores. Revista de Investigación Universitaria, 4 (1), 11–15. https://doi.org/10.17162/riu.v4i1.605

Cabana García, N. C. (2020). Adsorción de hidrocarburos y óxidos de carbono en materiales silicoaluminados microporosos [Tesis Doctoral]. Universidad Nacional del Litoral, Santa Fe. https://ri.conicet.gov.ar/handle/11336/103365

Algarrada Gorrillo, D. (2024). Análisis de la calidad del aire de la ciudad de Sevilla y revisión de la efectividad de sus zonas de bajas emisiones [Tesis de Maestría]. Universidad de Huelva, Universidad internacional de Andalucía, Sevilla. https://mastertecnologiaambiental.com/principal/tfm/repositorio/2023-2024/tfm-algarrada-gordillo-daniel.pdf

Fernández Rivas, L. (2015). El papel de los óxidos de nitrógeno en el cambio climático. Efectos sobre la salud [Trabajo de Fin de Grado]. Universidad Complutense, Madrid. https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.14352/66245

Rugel Campoverde, D. A. (2023). Estudio de emisiones de dióxido de carbono (CO₂), óxidos de nitrógeno (NOx) provenientes del biodiesel a base de aceites empleados en la industria alimentaria y su reutilización en un motor de compresión Euro 5, en el Distrito Metropolitano de Quito [Trabajo de Grado]. Universidad Politécnica Salesiana, Quito. http://dspace.ups.edu.ec/handle/123456789/25865

Ministerio de Ambiente y Desarrollo Sostenible. (2017). Resolución 2254 de 2017. https://www.minambiente.gov.co/documento-entidad/resolucion-2254-de-2017/

Published

2025-09-13

How to Cite

Sarmiento Sánchez, C. A. (2025). Design of an Edge IoT sensor node for air pollutant monitoring. Revista De Investigación En Tecnologías De La Información, 13(30), 25–40. https://doi.org/10.36825/RITI.13.30.003