Aplicación de inteligencia artificial en evaluación y clasificación de café: Una revisión sistemática

Autores/as

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.36825/RITI.14.33.002

Palabras clave:

Inteligencia Artificial, Visión por Computadora, Café, Clasificación de Calidad, Detección de Defectos

Resumen

Este estudio analiza cómo la evaluación y clasificación del café son procesos clave para asegurar la calidad y el valor comercial del producto; sin embargo, los métodos tradicionales basados en inspección humana presentan limitaciones de subjetividad, tiempo y consistencia. En los últimos años, la inteligencia artificial ha mostrado un crecimiento significativo en aplicaciones orientadas a automatizar estos procesos, especialmente mediante visión por computadora y aprendizaje automático. Ante la rápida expansión y dispersión de estos estudios, este trabajo tiene como motivación principal analizar y sintetizar de manera sistemática los avances en el uso de inteligencia artificial para la evaluación y clasificación del café. Para ello, se realizó una revisión sistemática siguiendo el protocolo PRISMA, considerando estudios originales publicados entre 2021 y 2025 en bases de datos científicas, periodo seleccionado por concentrar desarrollos recientes y consolidados. Se incluyeron 30 artículos, en los que predominan aplicaciones enfocadas en el control de calidad del grano, como clasificación, detección de defectos y autenticidad, empleando imágenes RGB y espectros NIR/UV-VIS junto con algoritmos como redes neuronales, SVM, Random Forest y XGBoost, con precisiones superiores al 90%. A pesar de estos resultados, persisten desafíos relacionados con la disponibilidad de datos, la generalización de modelos y costos computacionales.

Citas

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Publicado

2026-03-03

Cómo citar

Rios Salazar, V. del R., & Fernández Carrión, N. O. (2026). Aplicación de inteligencia artificial en evaluación y clasificación de café: Una revisión sistemática. Revista De Investigación En Tecnologías De La Información, 14(33), 18–32. https://doi.org/10.36825/RITI.14.33.002

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